Dab tsi yog DNS server?
qhov twg lub sij hawm (Lub Npe Lub Npe) ua ob yam, thawj qhov yog txheej txheem siv niaj hnub no feem ntau los hloov cov ntawv nyeem tau (Zoo li lub computer hostnames) rau cov chaw nyob digital, qhov thib ob yog kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev tsim cov kev pabcuam siv cov txheej txheem no kom muaj kev sib txuas lus.
thiab cov DNS yog lub npe luv rau sau lub npe server أو sau npe lub npe
Lub Npe Lub Npe (DNS) yog txheej txheej ntawm cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv uas txhais cov tswv tsev npe rau hauv IP chaw nyob.
DNS feem ntau raug xa mus ua phau ntawv xov tooj ntawm Is Taws Nem vim nws hloov pauv yooj yim-kom nco tau lub npe xws li www.google.com rau IP chaw xws li 216.58.217.46.
Nws tshwm sim tom qab qhov xwm txheej tom qab ntaus tus URL rau hauv qhov browser chaw nyob bar yam tsis muaj tus neeg siv pom qhov txheej txheem no. peb xav tuaj xyuas.
DNS Keeb Kwm Txheej Txheem
Qhov kev pabcuam no tau dhau los ntawm peb tiam mus txog thaum nws dhau los ua nws li tam sim no thiab ib txwm ua.
● thawj tiam
Tom qab qee qhov kev sim ua ntej los ua tus tswv nkag mus tau hauv Is Taws Nem, pab pawg tsim qauv tsim cov lus piav qhia DNS.
Txoj haujlwm no tau ua tiav hauv Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) thiab nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm hauv Kev Thov Tawm Tswv Yim series (RFC), cov ntaub ntawv no piav qhia txog txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab suav nrog qee yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thaum ntxov uas yuav xa mus.
Kev xa ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem kuj tau txheeb xyuas thiab tau muaj kev sim tso cai xa ntawv kom siv tau zoo DNS. Txawm hais tias lwm qhov kev sim ua raws li ntxiv cov app tshwj xeeb hauv DNS, nws tsis tau ua raws li vim tias tom qab nws muab tawm tias nws tsis yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev txuas lwm cov apps tob rau hauv DNS. DNS Lub tswv yim zoo thiab nws yog kwv yees li 10 xyoo ua ntej thawj qhov kev cai hloov tshiab tau tshaj tawm DNS Uas yog txhawm rau ntxiv txoj hauv kev kom muaj peev xwm ua kom cov servers hloov tshiab los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem hu ua CEEV FAJ thiab thaj chaw hloov chaw ntxiv (IXFR), hauv thawj tiam ntawm DNSTxoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los muab kev txuas mus ntxiv yog kom muaj ntau lub server teb ntau cov lus nug. Ib tus neeg rau zaub mov tau hu ua tus tswv server (master neeg rau zaub mov), thaum tus so yog qhev servers (qhev servers), thiab txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm qhev tau qhia kom tshuaj xyuas tus tswv server ib ntus los txiav txim siab tias cov ntaub ntawv tau hloov pauv lossis tsis yog.
Generation tiam thib ob
ntev dua CEEV FAJ Thawj qhov kev hloov pauv game, hloov chaw ntawm tus tswv server yuav tsum tau tos rau cov neeg ua haujlwm qhev los tshuaj xyuas, nws tuaj yeem xa cov lus ceeb toom rau tus qhev servers, ua rau lawv tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ua IXFR kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev sib tham cov ntaub ntawv;
Yav dhau los hloov tsuas yog ib daim ntawv tawm ntawm ntau pua ua rau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb xa ntau pua ntawm cov lus, thaum hloov pauv IXFR Lub kaw lus tsuas tso cai hloov pauv xa mus.
Generation Peb tiam
Thiab tom qab ntxiv CEEV FAJ و IXFR thiab hloov kho tseem ceeb, kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem tau pib DNS Hauv kev sib tsoo, raws li cov cai tau ntxiv ntawm no thiab nyob ntawd, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg muab cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm qhov hu ua kev ntseeg ruaj khov, kev tsom mus rau kev txhim kho hauv tiam thib peb yog kev ruaj ntseg DNS Thiab nws yuav nyob mus li ntau xyoo tom ntej.
DNS server ua haujlwm li cas
Cov txheej txheem yuav nyuaj dua tab sis nws tuaj yeem yooj yim dua los ntawm kev hais tias tus neeg rau zaub mov DNS
Nws yog daim duab qhia chaw uas Internet ua haujlwm hauv daim ntawv uas koj paub; Qhov twg, thaum koj nkag mus rau lub npe lub vev xaib hauv koj tus browser, tus server DNS coj koj mus rau qhov chaw nyob IP nws yog lawm. Nws siv sijhawm ntau theem thiab ntau lub server, tab sis cov txheej txheem nrawm heev.
Txhawm rau nkag siab cov txheej txheem tom qab kev daws teeb meem DNS, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv uas DNS nug yuav tsum dhau mus. Rau lub vev xaib browser DNS saib tshwm sim thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm tus neeg siv lub khoos phis tawj tshwj tsis yog thawj qhov kev thov.
Cov khoom siv ntawm DNS yog dab tsi?
Hauv DNS, tus lej ntawm cov khoom sib koom tes ua kom tiav koj qhov kev thov:
● DNS recursor
Nws tuaj yeem xav tias yog tus kws sau ntawv nug nws kom nrhiav phau ntawv tshwj xeeb nyob hauv ib lub tsev qiv ntawv, uas yog DNS rov ua dua Lub luag haujlwm xa cov ntawv thov ntxiv, uas txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab txaus siab rau tus neeg siv.
● Root nameserver
Nws yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev txhais lossis daws teeb meem nyeem tau lub npe rau hauv IP chaw nyob.
Nws tuaj yeem xav tias yog tus taw qhia hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv taw qhia rau cov phau ntawv sib txawv; Koj tuaj yeem coj nws los ua qhov siv rau lwm qhov, tshwj xeeb hauv cov vev xaib.
● Sab saum toj-qib sau npe server
Ib qib siab sau npe server (TLD) ua lub txee rau cov phau ntawv hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv.
Lub npe neeg rau zaub mov no yog cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev tshawb nrhiav tus IP chaw tshwj xeeb, raws li nws tau tuav qhov kawg ntawm tus xaib lub npe. Piv txwv li, cia peb hais tias peb muaj lub xaib nrog lub npe piv txwv Cov theem saum toj kawg nkaus yog (nrog.).
● Tus muaj lub npe muaj npe zoo
Nws yog lub ntsiab lus kawg hauv lub npe servers nug, thiab yog tias lub npe neeg rau zaub mov tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv thov,
Nws yuav xa tus IP chaw nyob ntawm lub npe hostname rov qab rau DNS Recursor leej twg tau thov thawj zaug.
thiab hli dns ua DNS nws yog tus DNS google lub google-dns ua thiab nws
Permery DNS: 8.8.8.8
Secondry DNS: 8.8.4.4
Thiab koj nyob hauv kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab nyob zoo ntawm peb cov neeg nyiam
