I-FAT32, i-NTFS, kunye ne-exFAT ziifayile ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina idatha kwisixhobo sokugcina. Ezi nkqubo zeefayile, ezenziwe nguMicrosoft, zineseti yazo eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga. Kuya kufuneka uyazi umahluko phakathi kwabo njengoko oku kuya kukunceda ekukhetheni inkqubo yefayile elungileyo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo.
I-AT32, i-NTFS, kunye ne-exFAT ziinkqubo ezintathu zefayile esihlala sizisebenzisa kwiWindows, ukugcinwa kwe-Android kunye nezinye izixhobo. Kodwa, ukhe wacinga ngumahluko phakathi kweFAT32, NTFS, exFAT kunye nenkqubo yefayile.
Xa sithetha ngeWindows, usenokuba uyibonile inkqubo yokusebenza ifakwa kwisahlulelo esifomathiweyo nenkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS. Ukuqhutywa kweedrive drive kunye nezinye iindlela zokugcina ezisekwe kujongano lwe-USB, sisebenzisa iFAT32. Ukongeza, ii-flash drive kunye neememori khadi zinokufomathwa kunye nenkqubo yefayile ye-exFAT, esisiphumo senkqubo endala yeFAT32.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sihlolisise izihloko ezinjenge-exFAT, i-NTFS, kunye nokunye, masikubalisele iziseko malunga nale fayile. Unokufumana uthelekiso ekugqibeleni.
Yintoni inkqubo yefayile?
Inkqubo yefayile yiseti yemigaqo esetyenziselwa ukumisela ukuba igcinwa njani idatha kunye nokufikelela isixhobo sokugcina , nokuba yidrive drive, i-flash drive, okanye enye into. Unokuthelekisa indlela yemveli yokugcina idatha kwiiofisi zethu kwiifayile ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zeefayile ezisetyenziswa kwikhompyuter.
Iseti ethile yedatha igcinwa ibizwa ngokuba "ifayileKwindawo ethile kwisixhobo sokugcina. Ukuba inkqubo yefayile iyagxothwa kwilizwe lekhompyuter, konke esisele nako yinxalenye enkulu yedatha engaziwayo kwimithombo yeendaba yethu yokugcina.
Zininzi iintlobo zeenkqubo zefayile ezikhoyo zokhetho ezahlukeneyo zokugcina ezinje ngefayile yediski, inkqubo yefayile yeflash, inkqubo yefayile yetape, njl. Kodwa okwangoku, ndiza kuzikhawulela ekusebenziseni iinkqubo ezintathu zefayile yediski FAT32, NTFS, kunye ne-exFAT.
Bungakanani ubungakanani beyunithi yolwabiwo?
Elinye igama elikhankanywa kakhulu ngelixa lixoxa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zeefayile bubungakanani beyunithi yolwabiwo (ekwabizwa ngokuba bubungakanani bebhloko). Ngokusisiseko Esona sithuba sincinci kwifayile esinokuhlala kwisahlulelo . Ngelixa ufomatha nayiphi na idrive, ubungakanani beyunithi yolwabiwo ihlala isetwa kuseto olungagqibekanga. Nangona kunjalo, isusela kwi-4096 ukuya kwi-2048 lamawaka. Athetha ntoni la maxabiso? Ngexesha lokufomatha, ukuba isahlulelo senziwe ngeyunithi yokwabiwa kwama-4096, iifayile ziya kugcinwa kumacandelo angama-4096.
Yintoni inkqubo yefayile yeFAT32?
Isishunqulelo se Ulwabiwo lweefayile , Yeyona fayile indala inamava kwimbali yekhompyutha. Ibali laqala ngo-1977 ngenkqubo yefayile ye-FAT eyi-8-bit eyayenzelwe ukuba ibe ngumzekelo weMicrosoft Isiseko sediski esisiseko-80 Ikhutshelwe i-Intel 7200 esekwe kwi-NCR 8080 ngo-1977/1978 - indawo yokungena yedatha eneediski eziyi-8 intshi. Yayibhalwe ngekhowudi nguMark MacDonald, umqeshwa wokuqala ohlawulelwayo weMicrosoft, emva kwengxoxo noMsunguli we-Microsoft uBill Gates.
Inkqubo yefayile ye-FAT, okanye ulwakhiwo lwe-FAT, njengoko lwalubizwa njalo ngaphambili, yaphinda yasetyenziswa kwi-Microsoft 8080 / Z80 eqongeni esekwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza ye-MDOS / MIDAS ebhalwe nguMark MacDonald.
FAT32: Imida kunye nokuhambelana
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, inkqubo yefayile yeFAT iqhubele phambili yaya kwi-FAT12, FAT16 kwaye ekugqibeleni i-FAT32 eyayifana nenkqubo yefayile yamagama xa kufuneka sijongane nemithombo yeendaba yokugcina yangaphandle enjengeedrive ezisuswayo.
I-FAT32 ibhale ngaphezulu kobungakanani obulinganiselweyo obonelelwe yifayile yeFAT16. Kwaye Itheyibhile yokwabiwa kweefayile ezingama-32 yakhutshwa ngo-Agasti 1995 Ngokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows 95. I-FAT32 ikuvumela ukuba ugcine Iifayile zobungakanani ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4GB و Ubungakanani beediski ubuninzi bunokufikelela kwi-16TB .
Ke ngoko, inkqubo yefayile enamafutha ayinakusetyenziswa ukufaka usetyenziso olunzima okanye ukugcina iifayile ezinkulu, yiyo loo nto iiWindows zangoku zisebenzisa inkqubo yefayile entsha eyaziwa ngokuba yi-NTFS, kwaye awunakukhathazeka malunga nobungakanani befayile kunye nobungakanani bediski. umda.
Phantse zonke iinguqulelo zeWindows, iMac kunye neLinux ziyahambelana nenkqubo yefayile yeFAT32.
Ukukhetha nini i-FAT32?
Inkqubo yefayile yeFAT32 ilungele izixhobo zokugcina ezinje ngedrive drive kodwa kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba akukho fayile inkulu kune-4GB. Yenziwe ngokubanzi ngaphandle kweekhompyuter, ezinje ngemidlalo yokudlala, iiTV, iiDVD kunye neBlu-Ray, kunye nasiphi na isixhobo esinezibuko le-USB.
Yintoni inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS?
Enye inkqubo yefayile yeMicrosoft ebizwa ngokuba yi-NTFS (inkqubo yefayile itekhnoloji entsha) Yagqitywa Yaziswa ngo-1993 Ngenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows NT 3.1 yaqala ukusebenza.
Inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS ibonelela ngemida yesayizi yefayile engapheliyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akunakwenzeka ukuba sifike kwindawo ethile kufutshane nomda. Uphuhliso lwenkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS yaqala phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-XNUMX njengesiphumo sobudlelwane phakathi kukaMicrosoft kunye ne-IBM ukuphuhlisa inkqubo entsha yokusebenza okungcono kwimizobo.
Nangona kunjalo, ubuhlobo babo babuphela nje kwaye abo babini bahlukana, ngaloo ndlela bephuhlisa uhlobo lwabo lwenkqubo entsha yefayile. Ngo-1989, i-IBM yenza i-HPFS eyayisetyenziswa kwi-OS / 2 ngelixa ubuqabane buqhubeka. IMicrosoft ikhuphe i-NTFS v1.0 ngeWindows NT 3.1 ngo-1993.
I-NTFS: Umda kunye neempawu
Inika inkqubo yefayile yeNTFS Ubungakanani befayile eyi-16 I-EB-1 KB ، kwaye yena 18،446،744،073،709،550،592 بايت . Ewe, iifayile zakho azikho nkulu kangako, ndiyacinga. Iqela lalo lophuhliso lalibandakanya uTom Miller, uGary Kimura, uBrian Andrew, kunye noDavid Goble.
I-NTFS v3.1 yasungulwa ngeMicrosoft Windows XP kwaye ayitshintshanga kangako ukusukela ngoko, nangona uninzi longeziwe njengokwahlulahlula shrinkage, ukuziphilisa ngokwakho, kunye namakhonkco okomfuziselo we-NTFS. Kwakhona, inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS iphumeze umthamo yi-256 TB kuphela ukusuka kwi-16 TB-1 KB ephunyezwe ngokusungulwa kweWindows 8.
Ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo zibandakanya amanqaku okuphindaphinda, inkxaso yefayile encinci, iidiski zokusetyenziswa kwediski, ukuhanjiswa kokulandela ikhonkco, kunye nokubethelwa kwenqanaba lefayile. Inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS ixhasa ukuhambelana ngasemva.
Yinkqubo yefayile yejenali engqina ukuba yinto ebalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekuvuseleleni inkqubo yefayile eyonakeleyo. Igcina iphepha, ulwakhiwo lwedatha olulanda naluphi na uhlengahlengiso olunokwenzeka kwinkqubo yefayile kwaye isetyenziselwa ukubuyisela inkqubo yefayile.
Inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS ixhaswa yiWindows XP kwaye kamva. I-Mac OSX ye-Apple ibonelela ngenkxaso yokufunda kuphela yedrive-efomathiweyo ye-NTFS, kwaye iiyantlukwano ezimbalwa zeLinux ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngenkxaso yokubhala yeNTFS.
Unokuba nomdla ekufundeni malunga: Zithini iinkqubo zefayile, iintlobo zazo kunye neempawu?
Siyathemba ukuba uyakufumana eli nqaku liluncedo kuwe ukuze wazi umahluko phakathi kweenkqubo zeefayile ezintathu FAT32 vs NTFS vs exFAT, yabelana ngezimvo zakho kwizimvo.
