FAT32, NTFS, da exFAT tsarin fayil ne daban -daban guda uku da ake amfani da su don adana bayanai a cikin na'urar ajiya. Waɗannan tsarin fayil ɗin, wanda Microsoft ya ƙirƙira, suna da nasu fa'idodi da rashin amfani. Yakamata ku san bambance -bambancen da ke tsakanin su saboda wannan zai taimaka muku wajen zaɓar madaidaicin tsarin fayil don buƙatu daban -daban.
F AT32, NTFS, da exFAT sune tsarin fayil guda uku da muke yawan amfani da su don Windows, ajiyar Android, da sauran na'urori da yawa. Amma, kun taɓa yin tunani game da bambance -bambance tsakanin FAT32, NTFS, exFAT da ma menene tsarin fayil.
Lokacin da muke magana game da Windows, wataƙila kun ga an shigar da tsarin aiki akan tsarin da aka tsara tare da tsarin fayil na NTFS. Don faifan filasha mai cirewa da sauran nau'ikan ajiya dangane da kebul na USB, muna amfani da FAT32. Bugu da kari, filashin filasha da katunan ƙwaƙwalwa kuma za a iya tsara su tare da tsarin fayil na exFAT, wanda ya samo asali daga tsohuwar tsarin fayil na FAT32.
Amma kafin mu bincika batutuwa kamar exFAT, NTFS, da ƙari, bari mu gaya muku wasu mahimman bayanai game da waɗannan tsarin fayil. Kuna iya samun kwatancen a ƙarshen.
Menene tsarin fayil?
Tsarin fayil tsarin dokoki ne da ake amfani da su don tantance yadda ake adana bayanai da samun nasara a ciki na'urar ajiya , ko yana da rumbun kwamfutarka, flash drive, ko wani abu daban. Kuna iya kwatanta hanyar gargajiya ta adana bayanai a ofisoshin mu a cikin fayiloli daban -daban tare da tsarin fayil ɗin da ake amfani da su a cikin lissafi.
Ana adana takamaiman bayanan bayanai da ake kira “fayilA takamaiman wuri a cikin na'urar ajiya. Idan an fitar da tsarin fayil daga duniyar kwamfuta, abin da ya rage mana shine babban rabo na bayanan da ba a gane su ba a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya.
Akwai nau'ikan tsarin fayil da yawa don zaɓuɓɓukan ajiya daban -daban kamar tsarin fayil ɗin diski, tsarin fayil ɗin filasha, tsarin fayil ɗin tef, da sauransu. Amma a yanzu, zan takaita kaina don amfani da tsarin fayil ɗin diski guda uku FAT32, NTFS, da exFAT.
Menene girman sashin rarrabawa?
Wani lokacin da aka ambata da yawa yayin tattauna tsarin fayil daban -daban shine girman sashin rarraba (wanda kuma ake kira girman toshe). Yana da m Karamin sarari fayil zai iya mamayewa a kan bangare . Yayin tsara kowane tuƙi, galibi ana saita girman sashi zuwa saitunan tsoho. Koyaya, yana daga 4096 zuwa 2048 dubu. Menene waɗannan ƙimomin suke nufi? A lokacin tsarawa, idan an ƙirƙiri bangare tare da sashin rarraba 4096, za a adana fayilolin a cikin sassan 4096.
Menene tsarin fayil na FAT32?
gajartar don Tebur Allocation Table , wanda shine mafi tsufa kuma gogaggen tsarin fayil a tarihin sarrafa kwamfuta. Labarin ya fara ne a 1977 tare da ainihin tsarin fayil ɗin 8-bit FAT wanda aka yi niyyar zama abin koyi ga Microsoft Standalone Disk Basic-80 An sake shi don NCR 7200 na Intel 8080 a cikin 1977/1978-tashar shigar da bayanai tare da diski mai girman inch 8. Mark MacDonald, ma'aikacin Microsoft na farko da aka biya, bayan ya tattauna da abokin aikin Microsoft Bill Gates.
An yi amfani da tsarin fayil ɗin FAT, ko Tsarin FAT, kamar yadda aka kira shi a baya, a cikin tsarin aiki na Microsoft 8080/Z80 MDOS/MIDAS-tushen tsarin aiki na Mark MacDonald.
FAT32: Iyakoki da Karfinsu
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, tsarin fayil ɗin FAT ya ci gaba zuwa FAT12, FAT16 kuma a ƙarshe FAT32 wanda yayi daidai da tsarin fayil ɗin kalma lokacin da zamu yi hulɗa da kafofin watsa labarai na waje kamar fayafai masu cirewa.
FAT32 ya mamaye iyakance girman da tsarin fayil na FAT16 ya bayar. Kuma An fito da Teburin Rarraba fayil na 32-bit a watan Agusta 1995 , Tare da ƙaddamar da tsarin aiki Windows 95. FAT32 yana ba ku damar adanawa Fayilolin girman har zuwa 4GB و Matsakaicin girman faifai zai iya kaiwa 16TB .
Don haka, ba za a iya amfani da tsarin fayil mai kitse don shigar da aikace -aikace masu nauyi ko adana manyan fayiloli ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa Windows na zamani ke amfani da sabon tsarin fayil da aka sani da NTFS, kuma ba lallai ne ku damu da girman fayil da girman faifai ba. iyaka.
Kusan duk sigogin Windows, Mac da Linux sun dace da tsarin fayil na FAT32.
Yaushe za a zaɓi FAT32?
Tsarin fayil na FAT32 ya dace da na'urorin ajiya kamar walƙiya na filasha amma dole ne ku tabbatar cewa babu fayil ɗaya da ya fi 4 GB girma. An aiwatar da shi sosai a waje da kwamfutoci, kamar na'urorin wasan bidiyo, HDTVs, DVD da 'yan wasan Blu-Ray, kuma kusan kowane na'ura tare da tashar USB.
Menene tsarin fayil na NTFS?
Wani tsarin fayil na mallakar Microsoft da ake kira NTFS (tsarin fayil sabuwar fasaha) .م An gabatar da shi a 1993 Tare da tsarin aikin Windows NT 3.1 ya kasance.
Tsarin fayil na NTFS yana ba da iyakokin girman fayil mara iyaka. Ya zuwa yanzu, ba zai yiwu ba mu ma sami wani wuri kusa da kan iyaka. Haɓaka tsarin fayil ɗin NTFS ya fara ne a tsakiyar shekarun XNUMX sakamakon haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Microsoft da IBM don haɓaka sabon tsarin aiki tare da ingantaccen aikin zane.
Koyaya, abotarsu ba ta daɗe ba kuma su biyu sun rabu, don haka suna haɓaka nasu sabon tsarin fayil. A cikin 1989, IBM ya yi HPFS wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin OS/2 yayin haɗin gwiwa yana gudana. Microsoft ya saki NTFS v1.0 tare da Windows NT 3.1 a 1993.
NTFS: Ƙuntatawa da fasali
Yana ba da tsarin fayil na NTFS Girman fayil ɗin 16 EB - 1 KB ، kuma shi 18،446،744،073،709،550،592 بايت . To, fayilolinku ba su da yawa, ina tsammanin. Teamungiyar ci gabanta sun haɗa da Tom Miller, Gary Kimura, Brian Andrew, da David Goble.
An ƙaddamar da NTFS v3.1 tare da Microsoft Windows XP kuma bai canza sosai ba tun daga wannan lokacin, kodayake an ƙara ƙarin abubuwa da yawa kamar raguwar bangare, warkar da kai, da hanyoyin NTFS na alama. Hakanan, ƙarfin aiwatar da tsarin fayil ɗin NTFS shine 256 TB kawai daga 16 TB-1 KB da aka aiwatar tare da ƙaddamar da Windows 8.
Wasu sanannun fasalulluka sun haɗa da wuraren gyara, goyan bayan fayil mai ɗimbin yawa, fa'idodin amfani da faifai, bin diddigin hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, da ɓoye matakin matakin fayil. Tsarin fayil na NTFS yana goyan bayan jituwa ta baya.
Tsarin fayil ne na mujallar da ke tabbatar da zama muhimmin al'amari idan aka zo batun farfado da tsarin fayil da ya lalace. Yana kula da mujallar, tsarin bayanai wanda ke bin duk wani canje -canje mai yuwuwa ga tsarin fayil kuma ana amfani dashi don dawo da tsarin fayil.
Tsarin fayil ɗin NTFS yana goyan bayan Windows XP kuma daga baya. Mac OSX na Apple yana ba da tallafin karatu kawai don ƙirar da aka tsara NTFS, kuma fewan bambance-bambancen Linux suna da ikon bayar da tallafin NTFS na rubutu.
Hakanan kuna iya sha'awar koyo game da: Menene tsarin fayil, nau'ikan su da sifofin su?
Muna fatan za ku sami wannan labarin yana da amfani a gare ku don sanin bambanci tsakanin tsarin fayil guda uku FAT32 vs NTFS vs exFAT, raba ra'ayin ku a cikin sharhin.
