Irutha yomzila
Ngokuvamile idivayisi yehadiwe noma uhlelo lwesofthiwe olulawula ukuthi amaphakethe ahamba kanjani kunethiwekhi. Ngakho ikhetha indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhambisa le phakheji endaweni eqondiwe. Irutha engenantambo, iyisisetshenziswa esisetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi angenawaya endawo (WLAN) ukuze ulawule ukudluliswa kwephakethe ngokucacisa iphuzu eliqondiwe lephakethe ngalinye elithunyelwa ngale nethiwekhi. Amadivayisi enethiwekhi afana namakhompiyutha, ama-laptops, nezinye zixhunywe kumzila ongenazintambo ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi e-Transceiver angenawaya akhona kulawa madivaysi, ngaphandle komsebenzi oyinhloko we-router engenantambo, njengoba iphinde ivikele amadivaysi enethiwekhi ekungeneni; Lokhu kungenxa yokungavezi amakheli ale mishini ku-inthanethi, njengoba nje umzila ungenza umsebenzi wokuvikela umlilo.
Lungiselela futhi ulungiselele umzila
I-router kufanele isethwe futhi ilungiswe ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, kungcono ukubeka umzila endaweni efanele;
Ngokubeka endaweni enkulu enkabeni yendlu, futhi uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, akulungile ukuhlukanisa noma ukuyibeka endaweni encane;
Njengoba lokhu kuzonciphisa ububanzi bayo bemishini exhunywe kuyo, futhi i-router engaphezu kweyodwa ingasetshenziswa kulokhu futhi wenze into efana ne-node, ama-routers abekwe ezindaweni eziningana ekhaya ezisebenza njengamaphoyinti okuhlangana (ngesiNgisi. : Node) yale nethiwekhi.
Ingena kuphaneli yokulawula
Iphaneli yokulawula ye-router ingena ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Uma inqubo yokuxhuma ku-inthanethi idinga imodemu (isiNgisi: Imodemu), kufanele ixhunywe kumzila, futhi lokhu kwenziwa ngokucisha imodemu bese uqaqa ikhebula le-Ethernet (IsiNgisi: ikhebula le-Ethernet) elixhunywe kuyo kwikhompyutha. , bese le ntambo ixhunywa embobeni ye-WAN kumzila.
- I-modem ibe ivuliwe futhi ilinde imizuzu embalwa, ilandelwa ukuvula i-router futhi ilinde imizuzu embalwa, bese kusetshenziswa enye ikhebula le-Ethernet futhi ixhumeke kukhompyutha kanye nembobo ye-LAN kumzila.
- Ukuze uqale ukumisa izilungiselelo zerutha, iphaneli yayo yokulawula ifinyelelwa (ngesiNgisi: Iphaneli Yokulawula) ngesiphequluli sewebhu ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lerutha esipheqululini.
- Leli kheli lisuka kumanuwali erutha enamathiselwe.
- Leli kheli liyahluka kumzila owodwa kuye kwenye ngokwenkampani elikhiqizayo.
- Ikheli le-IP lomzila ngokuvamile lifana ne-192.168.0.1, bese lifakwa kubha Yekheli esipheqululini bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi Faka (IsiNgisi: Faka) kukhibhodi.
- Ngemva kokufaka ikheli lephaneli yokulawula, isicelo sokungena esikrinini sizovela, khona-ke igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ye-akhawunti ephethwe (isiNgisi: I-akhawunti yomqondisi) yale router ifakiwe, futhi idatha yale akhawunti ingatholakala imanuwali yomzila, bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi faka kukhibhodi .
Izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi engenantambo
Isici se-Wi-Fi (ngesiNgisi: Wi-Fi) sivulwe kumzila ukuze sikwazi ukuxhuma okungenantambo kunethiwekhi ngamadivayisi ahlukene asekela lobu buchwepheshe, futhi lokhu kwenziwa kanje:
- Ngemva kokufaka iphaneli yokulawula, cinga ithebhu yokucushwa okungenantambo ( NgesiNgisi: Ukusethwa Okungenantambo) noma okunye okufanayo.
- Uma isici esingenantambo se-Wi-Fi singasebenzi nhlobo, siyasebenza, futhi uma i-router isekela isici se-Dual-band, kuzoba nezilungiselelo ezihlukene zawo womabili amafrikhwensi umzila osebenza ngawo, okuyi-2.4 GHz kanye ne-5 GHz.
- Khetha inketho ethi “Auto” (IsiNgisi: Okuzenzakalelayo) kusilungiselelo sesiteshi (IsiNgisi: Isiteshi).
- Khetha igama lenethiwekhi engenantambo ngokuthayipha igama olifunayo esikhaleni eduze kwegama elithi “SSID”.
- Khetha uhlobo lokubethela olufunayo lwenethiwekhi engenantambo, okungcono kakhulu i-“WPA2-PSK [AES]”, njengoba iwumbhalo wemfihlo ovikeleke kakhulu wamanethiwekhi angenawaya njengamanje, futhi kungcono ukhethe ukubethela kwe-“WEP”; Njengoba lokhu kubethela kuqukethe ukuba sengozini okuvumela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi (Brute-force attack) ukwazi iphasiwedi.
- Khetha igama eliyimfihlo olifunayo, futhi kufanele libe nezinhlamvu eziphakathi kwezi-8 kuya kwezingu-63, okungcono igama eliyimfihlo eliyinkimbinkimbi nelide ngokwanele ukuba kube nzima ukuliqagela.
- Londoloza izilungiselelo.
Setha kabusha izilungiselelo zerutha
Uma umsebenzisi ekhohlwe iphasiwedi yomzila noma enenkinga ngayo, i-router ingasethwa kabusha ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Sesha inkinobho yokusetha kabusha kumzila.
- Sebenzisa ithuluzi lethiphu ekhonjiwe ukuze ucindezele inkinobho, futhi izocindezelwa imizuzwana engama-30. Linda amanye amasekhondi angu-30 ukuze usethe kabusha futhi uqale kabusha umzila.
- Esimeni lapho izinyathelo zangaphambilini zingasebenzi, umthetho we-30-30-30 ungasetshenziswa ukusetha kabusha izilungiselelo, lapho inkinobho yokusetha kabusha icindezelwa imizuzwana engu-90 esikhundleni se-30.
Indlela yokusetha kabusha izilungiselelo zingahluka kusuka kumzila owodwa kuya kwenye, kuye ngohlobo lwayo.
Ibuyekeza uhlelo lomzila
Kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukubuyekeza isistimu yokusebenza yerutha ibe yinguqulo yakamuva etholakalayo,
njengoba izibuyekezo ngokuvamile zixazulula izinkinga ezingaba khona kudivayisi,
futhi ziqukethe ukuthuthukiswa okuzuzisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi.
Amanye amarutha angase abuyekeze isistimu yawo ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa amanye amarutha angase adinge ukuthi umsebenzisi akwenze lokhu ngesandla, futhi lokhu kwenziwa ngephaneli yokulawula yedivayisi, futhi umhlahlandlela womsebenzisi onamathiselwe ungasetshenziswa ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungabuyekeza kanjani.