Izeluleko zegolide ngaphambi kokufaka i-Linux

usuku lwaqala i-linux Ngo-1991 njengephrojekthi yomuntu siqu ngumfundi waseFinland I-Linus Torvalds, ukudala i-nucleus Isistimu Esebenzayo mahhala Okusha, okuvela kuphrojekthi I-Linux kernel. Kuvela enguqulweni yokuqala ye- ikhodi yomthombo Ngo-1991, ikhule kusuka kunani elincane lamafayela kubi Ifinyelele ngaphezulu kwemigqa eyizigidi eziyi-16 yekhodi enguqulweni 3.10 ngo-2013 eshicilelwe ngaphansi Ilayisense Yomphakathi Jikelele ye-GNU.^[1]

Umthombo

Ithiphu yokuqala

Khetha i-distro efanele
• Ngokungafani neWindows, iLinux ikunikeza inqwaba yenkululeko yokukhetha phakathi kokunikezwa okuningi.

Njengoba ukukhetha ukwabiwa okulungele wena kulawulwa izinto ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu

Okokuqala, ulwazi lomsebenzisi
Futhi umbuzo ulapha

Ungumsebenzisi weWindows onolwazi lokuphatha kahle uhlelo lwakhe?

Ngabe unolwazi oluhle lokwahlukanisa i-hard disk, amasistimu wefayela nokufakwa kohlelo?

Ungumsebenzisi ojwayelekile ongajulile ngokulawula, ukugcina nokufaka uhlelo lwakho?

Okwesibili, imvelo yokusetshenziswa

Futhi umbuzo ulapha

Ngabe usebenzisa ikhompyutha yakho endaweni yomsebenzi okubeka phezu kwakho uhlelo oluthile nezinhlelo ezithile?

Yini imininingwane yedivayisi yakho?

Ingabe ngu-32 bit noma u-64 bit? Ingabe unayo uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluqinile?

Ingabe ungumsebenzisi onezidingo ezikhethekile (ukuklama, ukuhlela, imidlalo)?
Isifinyezo salokhu okungenhla
Kunokusatshalaliswa okumelela ukukhetha okuphephile nokulula kwabaqalayo, ikakhulukazi i-Linux mint.
I-Linux Mint iyatholakala futhi ngezindlela ezintathu (izixhumi):

1- Isinamoni

Kuyisixhumi esibonakalayo esizenzakalelayo esihlinzeka umuzwa womsebenzisi eduze kweWindows, lapho udinga khona idivayisi enamandla. Izidingo zokusebenza kwayo zimi kanje:
I-2 GB yesikhala se-RAM ne-20 GB yesikhala sokufaka sokusetshenziswa okubushelelezi nokuguqukayo.

2- Umlingani

I-interface yendabuko futhi yakudala, kepha iyaguquguquka futhi ikhanya ngokwengeziwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngincoma imininingwane eseduze neCinnamon ukuze isebenze ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

3-Xfce

I-Lightness and interface interface, ingasebenza kahle ku-1GB ye-RAM kepha phambi kwesiphequluli esinjengeFirefox noma iChannel mhlawumbe leso sikhala sizodliwa .. Yiba nesandla ngohlelo lwakho!

Kukhona nokusabalalisa okukhethekile kwabasebenzisi abanezidingo ezikhethekile, njenge:

UKali, Fedora, Arch, Gentoo, noma uDebian.

ithiphu yesibili

Qiniseka ukuthi ifayela lokusabalalisa liphephile ngaphambi kokufaka
Esinye sezizathu ezingavimbela ukufakwa kweLinux inkohlakalo yefayela lokusabalalisa.
• Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulanda, ikakhulu ngenxa yoxhumano olungazinzile.
• Ubuqotho befayela buqinisekiswa ngokwenza i-hash noma ikhodi (md5 sha1 sha256). Uzowathola lawo makhodi woqobo ekhasini lokulanda lewebhusayithi esemthethweni yokusabalalisa.
• Ungaqinisekisa ubuqotho befayela lakho ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi elifana ne-winmd5 noma i-gtkhash nokuqhathanisa i-hash evelayo ne-hash yangempela kusayithi lokusabalalisa. Uma ifana, ungafaka, ngaphandle kwalokho ungadinga ukuphinda ulande futhi.
• Okuhlangenwe nakho kokulanda usebenzisa isifufula kunciphisa amathuba okonakala kwefayela.

Ithiphu yesithathu

Khetha ithuluzi elifanele lokushisa i-distro:
• Ukufaka ukusatshalaliswa, udinga kuqala ukukushisa ku-DVD noma ku-USB.
• Ukushisela ku-USB imvamisa kuyindlela esetshenziswayo.
• Nawa amathuluzi amahle kakhulu wokushisa kwe-USB:
1- Rufus: Ithuluzi lomthombo ovulekile elihle kakhulu elilula kakhulu - ukukhetha kwakho kokuqala kuWindows.
2- Okunye: Ithuluzi elilula nenhle elisebenza kuzo zonke izinhlelo - lihlolwe isikhathi eside futhi alikaze lingiphoxe.
Kukhona namanye amathuluzi amaningi anjenge-Unetbootin noma i-Universal USB Installer, kepha ngikukhethele okuhle kakhulu.

Ithiphu yesine

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola uhlelo ngaphambi kokufakwa
• Sinikeza isibonelo salokho, ngaphambi kokuthenga izingubo, kuzodingeka uzilinganise bese uzizama phambi kwesibuko ukuze wazi ukuthi ziyalingana yini nosayizi wakho nokunambitheka kwakho.
• Ngaphambi kokufaka ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux, udinga futhi ukuyihlola ukuze wazi ukuthi izokufanela yini futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zakho njengomsebenzisi? .

Ungazama kanjani ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux

1- Okuhlangenwe nakho okubukhoma: Ukusatshalaliswa okuningi kweLinux kunikeza isici ukuqala uhlelo nokuluhlola bukhoma nangokuvikelekile ngaphandle kokufaka noma ukwenza ushintsho kudiski yakho.
2 - Uhlelo olubonakalayo: Ungafunda ukufaka uhlelo ngokuphepha futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimininingwane yakho ngokufaka kulokho okubizwa ngomshini obonakalayo noma umshini obonakalayo, okulingisa indawo yokufaka yangempela .. Olunye lwezinhlelo zomthombo ezivulekile kakhulu ngale njongo i-Virtualbox, futhi inguqulo ekhethekile ye-Windows iyatholakala.

Ithiphu yesihlanu

  Kufanele ufunde ukwahlukanisa i-hard disk, noma uthole usizo lochwepheshe.
• Ikhono lokuhlukanisa i-hard disk yikhono elibalulekile lokufaka noma yiluphi uhlelo.
• Kufanele wazi ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani i-hard disk yakho, ngabe yi-MBR noma i-GPT.
I-1- MBR: Kuyisifinyezo serekhodi le-Master boot:
• Awukwazi ukufunda ngaphezu kwamatabyteythi amabili wesikhala.
• Awukwazi ukwenza ama-partition e-hard disk angaphezu kwama-4.
Idiski eliqinile lihlukaniswe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

primary.umnyango

Kuyingxenye lapho uhlelo lungafakwa khona noma idatha igcinwe (unenani elingu-4).

isigaba sinwetshiwe

Futhi isebenza njengesitsha esiqukethe ezinye izigaba (iqhinga lokushaya umkhawulo)

okunengqondo. isigaba

Ziyizigaba ezingaphakathi kokunwetshiwe .. ngokufana nokusebenza kwazo ezigabeni eziyinhloko.

2- GPT: okuyisifinyezo seThebula Lokuhlukanisa le-Guid:
• Ingafunda ngaphezu kwama-terabyte ama-2.
• Ungenza izingxenye ezi-128 (ukwahlukanisa).

Umbuzo lapha uthi: Zingaki izingxenyana engizidingayo ukufaka i-Linux?
Kuya nge-firmware yedivayisi yakho, kungaba uefi noma i-bois.
Uma kunguhlobo lwe-bois:
• Ungafaka uhlelo lweLinux engxenyeni eyodwa kuphela, efomethwe ngolunye lwezinhlelo zefayela le-Linux, oludume kakhulu futhi oluzinzile kunazo zonke okuyi-ext4.
• Mhlawumbe kungcono kuwe ukwengeza esinye isigaba ekushintshaneni, okuyimemori yokushintshanisa lapho imisebenzi idluliswa khona lapho i-RAM isiseduze igcwele.
• Kunconywa ukuthi isikhala sokushintshana siphindwe kabili ubukhulu be-RAM uma i-RAM onayo ifinyelela ku-4 GB futhi icishe ilingane ne-RAM uma ingaphezulu kwaleyo.
• Ukushintshaniswa nakho kuyadingeka kwinqubo yokulala ubusika futhi kungaba kwifayela esikhundleni sokwahlukanisa okwehlukile.
• Kungenzeka (ngokuzikhethela) ukwenza isigaba esehlukile se- (ikhaya), okuyindlela equkethe amafayela wakho womuntu siqu nezilungiselelo zesoftware. Ifana nayo kwiWindows, okuyifolda enegama lomsebenzisi ogama lakhe lingu kwakudala imibhalo yami.
• Kunezinye izinhlelo zokuhlukanisa eziyinkimbinkimbi, kepha yilokhu odinga ukukwazi manje!
Uma kuyi-UEFI:
Ukwahlukanisa kuzoba ngendlela efanayo nangaphambilini, kepha kuzodingeka ungeze ukwahlukanisa okuncane okunendawo ecishe ibe ngu-512 MB enohlelo lwefayela i-fat32, futhi kuzocaciswa ukubhuthwa noma ukubhuthwa.

Ithiphu yesithupha

Thatha ikhophi eyisipele yamafayela akho
• Lapho iphutha lomuntu liyisici sokuqala sokulahleka kwedatha, ngakho-ke kungcono ngaphambi kokufakwa ukuthi ugcine ikhophi eyisipele yamafayela akho abalulekile.

ithiphu yokugcina

 Zilungiselele ukudela olunye lwalezi zinhlelo:
• Vele, kungenzeka ukufaka iLinux eceleni kweWindows, kepha kufanele uzilungiselele ngokwengqondo ukwaba nomunye wabo ngemuva kokukhomba amandla ohlelo ngalunye bese uqhathanisa lokho nezidingo zakho.
• Uma ufuna ukukugcina kokubili, lungela ukubhekana nezinkinga ezithile zebhuthi (ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokubuyekeza iWindows).
• Faka iWindows kuqala neLinux ukugwema izinkinga zebhuthi ngemuva kokufakwa.
Sikufisela inhlanhla futhi sikufisela impilo yonke nokuphila kahle balandeli abathandekayo