Uyikhuphela njani kwaye uyifakele iinguqulelo ezindala zeMac (macOS)

Ukuhlaziywa kwenkqubo yokusebenza kuyinto elungileyo kuba ihlala ibonisa ukuphuculwa kokhuseleko, amanqaku amatsha kunye nokulungiswa kwe-bug kwangaphambili.
I-GVD ibhengezwe ngu-Apple (iapile(malunga nohlaziyo olutsha lweMac)MacIphuma kube kanye ngonyaka (kungabalwa uhlaziyo oluncinci phakathi), kodwa ngamanye amaxesha olo hlaziyo ayisiyonto ilungileyo.

Umzekelo, abantu banokuthanda ukusebenzisa iinguqulelo ezindala zezixhobo nangona izixhobo zabo zikulungele ukuhlaziywa okutsha, kuba khange babe namava amatsha ngohlaziyo lwenkqubo njengokuziva udangele kunye nekhompyuter yabo edangeleyo emva kohlaziyo. Okanye mhlawumbi lukhona utshintsho olwenziwe kujongano lomsebenzisi abanye abasebenzisi abangaluthandiyo, okanye mhlawumbi kukho ezinye iincukuthu ezinkulu okanye usetyenziso olungangqinelaniyo nemiba nenguqulelo entsha.

Ngethamsanqa, ukuba ufuna ukubuyela kuhlobo lwakho lwangaphambili lwe-macOS, okanye nohlobo lwakudala lwe-macOS, kunokwenzeka, nantsi indlela yokwenza.

Izinto ekufuneka uyazi kuqala

• Ukuba unayo i-chipset ye-M1 okanye nayiphi na enye i-chip-M chipset, iinguqulelo ezindala ze-macOS azizukuhambelana njengoko zazibhalelwe iqonga le-Intel x86 gcina oku engqondweni.
• Olona hlobo ludala lwe-macOS onokubuyela kulo iya kuba yeyakho iMac eza nayo, umzekelo, ukuba uthenge iMac nge-OS X Lion, ithiyori iya kuba yinguqulelo yokuqala onokuyibuyisela.
• Ukubuyisela ii-backups zoMatshini wexesha kunokuba nzima ukuba uzama ukubuyisela ukhuphelo olwenziwe kwinguqulelo entsha kuhlobo oludala lwe-macOS (umzekelo, ukubuyisela ukhuphelo olwenziwe kwi-MacOS High Sierra kwi-OS X El Capitan).

Khuphela iinguqulelo zeMacOS

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo Khuphela uhlobo lwakudala lweMac (Mac) Olu lukhetho oya kuthi ukwazi ukufumana kulo Ivenkile yosetyenziso:

• Ukuhlaziywa kweMacOS Big Sur 11.0.2
• IMacOS Catalina 10.15.2
• IMacOS Mojave 10.14.0
• IMacOS ePhakamileyo yeSierra 10.13.0
• MacOS Sierra 10.12.0
• OS X El Capitan 10.11.0 Uhlaziyo
• Uhlaziyo lwe-OS X Yosemite 10.10.1

Lungiselela i-USB drive (iflash)

Emva kokukhuphela uhlobo lweMac (Mac) ukuba ufuna ukubuyela umva, unokulingwa ukuba ucofe kwi-installer kwaye uvumele ufakelo luqale, kodwa ngelishwa ayisiyonto ilula njengoko uzakufuna ukwenza i-bootable USB drive.

phambi kokuqhubeka, Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iifayile zakho ezibalulekileyo zigcinwe kuqhubo lwangaphandle okanye kwilifu ukuze ungaphulukani nezi fayile ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle ngexesha lofakelo.

UApple ucebisa (iapile(ukuba abasebenzisi bane-USB drive)flash) ubuncinci ine-14 GB yendawo yasimahla kunyeIfomathiwe njengeMac OS eyandisiweyo. Ukwenza oku:

• Qhagamshela i-USB drive (flash) KwiMac yakho.
• layita Disk Utility.
• Cofa kwi-drive esecaleni kwicala lasekhohlo kwaye ucofe (Sula) ukusebenza ukwenza uphando.
• Nika igama ukuqhuba, kwaye ukhethe I-Mac OS Yongezelelwe (i-iDaily) ngaphakathi format.
• Cofa (Sula) ukusebenza cima.
• Yinike umzuzu okanye emibini kwaye kufuneka yenziwe.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba oku kucima i-USB drive yonke idatha, ke qiniseka ukuba i-USB drive oceba ukuyisebenzisa ayinanto ebalulekileyo kuyo.

Yenza i-USB eqalekayo

Ngoku ukuba idrayivu yakho ye-USB ifomathiwe ngokufanelekileyo, ngoku kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba iyaqala.

• Qhagamshela i-USB drive kwiMac yakho.
• Vula usetyenziso Indawo yokukhwelela.
• Chwetheza imigca yomyalelo ilandelayo (Njengoko kuchaziwe kwiphepha le-Apple lenkxaso ngesiArabhu  - Njengoko kuchaziwe kwiphepha leNkxaso ye-Apple ngesiNgesiKuxhomekeke kuguqulelo lwe-macOS ozama ukuyifaka. Kwakhona khumbula ukutshintsha MyVolume Kwigama le-USB drive oyisebenzisayo:

Big Sur:

sudo / Izicelo / Faka \ macOS Big \ Sur.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume / Volumes/MyVolume

noCatalina:

sudo / Izicelo / Faka i-MacOS Catalina.app/Contents/Resource/createinstallmedia -volume / Volumes /MyVolume

Mojave:

sudo / Izicelo / Faka i-MacOS Mojave.app/Contents/Resource/createinstallmedia -volume / Volumes /MyVolume

ESierra ephezulu:

sudo / Izicelo / Faka \ macOS \ Ephakamileyo \ iSierra.app/Contents/Resource/createinstallmedia -volume / Volumes /MyVolume

El Capitan:

sudo / Izicelo / Faka \ OS \ X \ El\ Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia --volume /Volumes/MyVolume -Indlela yokusebenzisa / Izicelo / Ukufaka iOS \ X \ El \ Capitan.app

• Nje ukuba ufake umgca womyalelo, cofa faka.
• Faka iphasiwedi yomlawuli xa ukhuthazwa kwaye ucinezele faka kwakhona.
• Cofa kwiqhosha (Y) Qinisekisa ukuba ufuna ukucima i-USB drive.
• Uya kuyalelwa ukuba i-terminal ifuna ukufikelela kwiifayile kumthamo osuswayo, cofa (OK) ukuvuma kwaye uyivumele
  Nje ukuba ugqibile Indawo yokukhwelela -Wena ungasishiya isicelo kwaye ususe i-USB drive.

Faka iMacOS ukusuka ekuqaleni

Nje ukuba zonke iifayile eziyimfuneko zikhutshelwe kwi-USB drive, lixesha lokuqala ufakelo. Kwakhona, singathanda ukuthatha eli thuba ukukukhumbuza ukuba kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba yonke into ixhaswe kwidrive yangaphandle okanye ilifu ngaphambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo yokufaka, xa kunokwenzeka into ingahambi kakuhle kwaye ulahlekelwe ziifayile zakho.

Qiniseka ukuba ikhompyuter yakho iyangena kwi-Intanethi. Ngokuka-Apple, isifakeli se-bootable asikhupheli i-macOS kwi-intanethi (ndiye ndakwenza oku ngaphambili), kodwa ifuna uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi ukufumana i-firmware kunye nolwazi lwemodeli yakho yeMac.

Ngoku faka i-USB drive kwi-Mac yakho kwaye ucime ikhompyuter.

Apple abicah

• Vula iMac yakho kwaye ubambe iqhosha lamandla (amandlaude ubone iwindow yeenketho zokuqalisa.
• Khetha idrive equlathe isifakeli esinokuqalisa kwaye ucofe (Qhubeka) ukulandela.
• Landela imiyalelo ekwiskrini ukugqiba ukufakwa kwe-macOS.

Intel Corporation

• Vula iMac yakho kwaye ucofe iqhosha lokukhetha (Alt).
• Khupha isitshixo xa ubona isikrini esimnyama esibonisa ivolumu enokuqala.
• Khetha ifolda equlethe isifakeli se-bootable kwaye ucinezele faka.
• Khetha ulwimi lwakho Ukuba uceliwe ukuba wenze njalo.
• Khetha Faka iMacOS (okanye Faka i-OS X(ngefestile)Iwindows eziluncedo) oko kukuthi Izixhobo.
• Cofa (Qhubeka) ukulandela Kwaye landela imiyalelo ukugqibezela ufakelo lwakho lwe-macOS.

Siyathemba ukuba uza kulifumana eli nqaku liluncedo ekufundeni indlela yokukhuphela kunye nokufaka iinguqulelo ezindala zeMacOS. Yabelana ngoluvo lwakho kunye namava kunye nathi kumazwana.