Mushure memakore ekufungidzira uye nerunyerekupe, Chinese tech hofori Huawei akazivisa zviri pamutemo Harmony OS muna 2019. Uye zvakanaka kutaura kuti mimwe mibvunzo yakabvunzwa pane kupindurwa. Inoshanda sei? Ndeapi matambudziko aunogadzirisa? Icho chibereko chemakakatanwa azvino pakati peHuawei nehurumende yeUS?
Iko Harmony OS yakavakirwa paLinux?
Aihwa. Kunyangwe zvese zviri zvemahara software zvigadzirwa (kana, zvakanyatso, Huawei akavimbisa kuburitsa Harmony OS neakavhurika sosi rezinesi), Harmony OS ndicho chigadzirwa chavo chakamira. Zvakare, inoshandisa akasiyana dhizaini dhizaini yeLinux, ichisarudza microkernel dhizaini pane monolithic kernel.
Asi mira. Microkernel? monolithic tsanga?
Ngatiedzei zvakare. Pamwoyo peyese system yekushandisa ndiyo inonzi kernel. Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, iyo tsanga iri pamwoyo peyese sisitimu yekushanda, ichinyatso shanda senheyo. Ivo vanobata kudyidzana neiyo yepasi Hardware, vanogovera zviwanikwa, uye vanotsanangura kuti mapurogiramu anoitwa uye anomhanya sei.
Mbeu dzese dzinotakura aya ekutanga mabasa. Nekudaro, ivo vanosiyana nemabatiro avanoita.
Ngatitaurei nezvekurangarira. Mazuva ano masisitimu anoshanda anoedza kupatsanura zvinoshandiswa zvevashandisi (seSteam kana Google Chrome) kubva kumativi anonyanya kunetsekana ehurongwa hwekushandisa. Fungidzira tambo isingapindike iyo inopatsanura ndangariro inoshandiswa neese-wide services kubva kune ako maapplication. Pane zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri zveizvi: chengetedzo uye kugadzikana.
Microkernels, senge ayo anoshandiswa neHarmony OS, anosarura zvakanyanya nezve izvo zvinomhanya mu kernel mode, izvo zvinonyanya kuvadzikamisa kune zvekutanga.
Kutaura chokwadi, tsanga dzakafanana hadzi sarura. Linux, semuenzaniso, inobvumidza akawanda anoshanda masisitimu-chikamu zviwanikwa uye maitirwo ekumhanya mukati meiyi yakasarudzika memory nzvimbo.
Panguva iyo Linus Torvalds yakatanga kushanda paLinux kernel, ma microkernels akange achiri ehuwandu husingazivikanwe, uine mashoma chaiwo-epasirose mashandisiro ekushandisa. Microkernels yakaratidzawo kuti zvakaoma kukudziridza, uye inowanzo nonoka.
Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi matatu, zvinhu zvachinja. Makomputa anokurumidza uye anodhura. Microkernels yakaita kusvetuka kubva kuchikoro kusvika kugadzirwa.
Iyo XNU kernel, iri pamoyo peMacOS neIOS, inowana kurudziro yakawanda kubva kumagadzirirwo eakare macro-cores, iyo Mach kernel yakagadzirwa neCarnegie Mellon University. Zvichakadaro, QNX, iyo inosimbisa iyo Blackberry 10 inoshanda sisitimu, pamwe neakawanda mu-mota infotainment masystem, inoshandisa dhizaini microkernel.
Izvo zvese nezve kuwedzera
Nekuti Microkernel dhizaini zvine chinangwa kushomeka, zviri nyore kuwedzera. Kuwedzera iyo nyowani sisitimu sevhisi, senge mutyairi wekushandisa, haidi kuti mugadziri achinje zvakanyanya kana kupindira nekernel.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti sei Huawei akasarudza nzira iyi neHarmony OS. Kunyangwe Huawei anogona kunge achinyanyo kuzivikanwa nefoni yake, ikambani inobata muzvikamu zvakawanda zvemusika wevatengi tekinoroji. Rondedzero yaro yezvigadzirwa inosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita semapfekero ekugwinya michina, ma routers, uye kunyange materevhizheni.
Huawei ikambani isinganzwisisike ine chinzvimbo. Mushure mekutora bepa kubva mubhuku raiye anopikisana naXiaomi, kambani yakatanga kutengesa zvigadzirwa Internet yezvinhu kubva Kubudikidza nevechidiki-yakanangana nerutsigiro Rukudzo, kusanganisira smart mabhurashi emazino uye smart tafura marambi.
Uye kunyange zvisiri kujeka kana Harmony OS ichizopedzisira yamhanya pane yega yega tekinoroji yevatengi yainotengesa, Huawei inoshuvira kuve nehurongwa hwekushandisa iyo inomhanyisa pazvinhu zvakawanda sezvinobvira.
Chikamu chechikonzero kuenderana. Kana iwe ukaregeredza zvinodiwa zvehardware, chero chirongwa chakanyorerwa Harmony OS chinofanira kushanda pane chero chishandiso chiri kushanda. Ichi chirevo chinokwezva chevagadziri. Asi inofanirawo kunge iine mabhenefiti kune vatengi zvakare. Sekuwedzera uye kwakawanda zvigadzirwa zvikave zvemakomputa, zvinonzwisisika kuti ivo vanofanirwa kushanda zvirinyore sechikamu cheyakafara ecosystem.
Asi ko nhare?
Rave rinenge gore kubva Treasure manejimendi weTrump aisa Huawei pa "Entity List", zvichidzivirira makambani eUS kubva mukutengesa nekambani. Kunyangwe izvi zvaisa kumanikidza pamatanho ese ebhizinesi reHuawei, kwave kuri kurwadziwa kukuru mukambani nharembozha, kuchidzivirira kubva mukuburitsa michina mitsva neGoogle Mobile Services (GMS) yakavakirwa mukati.
Google Nhare Nhare dzinonyatsoita iyo yese ecosystem yeGoogle yeApple, kusanganisira zvinowoneka maapplication seGoogle Mepu uye Gmail, pamwe neGoogle Play Chitoro. Nenhare dzekupedzisira dzeHuawei dzichishaya mukana kune mazhinji maapp, vazhinji vakashamisika kana hofori yeChinese ichizadza Android, pachinzvimbo ichichinjira kune yechizvarwa inoshanda sisitimu.
Izvi zvinoita sezvisingaiti. Zvirinani munguva pfupi.
Kutanga, hutungamiriri hwaHuawei hwadzokorora kuzvipira kwayo papuratifomu yeApple. Pane kudaro, iri kutarisa mukuvandudza imwe yayo nzira kune GMS inonzi Huawei Mobile Services (HMS).
Pamwoyo peichi chikamu chekambani app, Huawei AppGallery. Huawei anorondedzera kuti iri kushandisa $ 3000 bhiriyoni kuvhara "gap app" neGoogle Play Store uye ine XNUMX mainjiniya esoftware ari kushanda pairi.
Iyo nyowani nhare yekushandisa sisitimu inofanirwa kutanga kubva pakutanga. Huawei ichafanirwa kukwezva vanogadzira kuti vafambe kana kuvandudza maapplication avo eHarmony OS. Uye sezvatakadzidza kubva paWindows Mobile, BlackBerry 10, uye Samsung's Tizen (uye yaimbove Bada), ichi hachisi chirevo chiri nyore.
Nekudaro, Huawei ndeimwe yemakambani ane hunyanzvi hwesainzi mune zvepasirese. Nekudaro, zvaisazove huchenjeri kutonga kunze mukana wefoni inomhanya Harmony OS.
Yakagadzirwa muChina 2025
Iko kune kunonakidza kwezvematongerwo enyika kona yekukurukura pano. Kwemakumi emakore, China yakashanda semugadziri wepasirese, mhiri kwemakungwa zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka. Asi mumakore achangopfuura, hurumende yeChinese neyavo yakazvimiririra vakaisa mari zvakanyanya mukutsvaga nekusimudzira. Chinese zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa zviri kuwedzera kugadzira nzira yavo kuenda padanho repasi rese, zvichipa makwikwi matsva eiyo Silicon Valley's tech elite.
Pakati peizvi, hurumende yeBeijing ine chinzvimbo chainodaidza kuti "Yakagadzirwa muChina 2025". Nezvazviri, inoda kupedza kuvimba kwayo nezvinhu zvinounzwa zvepamusoro-soro zvigadzirwa, senge semiconductors nendege, wozvitsiva nedzimwe nzira dzekumba. Zvinokurudzira izvi zvinobva mukuchengetedza hupfumi uye zvematongerwo enyika, pamwe nemukurumbira wenyika.
Harmony OS inokodzera chishuwo ichi zvakakwana. Kana ikabvisa, ichave yekutanga pasi rese inoshanda sisitimu yekubuda muChina - kunze kweavo vanoshandiswa mumisika ye niche, senge nhare dzemaseru. Izvi zvitupa zvemumba zvinonyanya kubatsira kana Hondo Yemashoko pakati peChina neUnited States ikaramba ichipenga.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, handingashamiswe nekuti Harmony OS ine vatsigiri vane hushamwari muhurumende yepakati, pamwe nevekunze kwemaChinese akazvimiririra. Uye ndivo vatsigiri ava vanozopedzisira vaona kubudirira kwayo.
