Chii chinonzi DNS server?
uko izwi (Domain Name System) kuita zvinhu zviviri, yekutanga ndiyo protocol inoshandiswa nhasi muzviitiko zvakawanda kushandura mavara anoverengwa (Kunge macomputer mazita) kudhijitari kero, yechipiri chiitiko chepasirese chekuvaka sevhisi uchishandisa iyi protocol kugonesa kutaurirana.
uye iyo DNS chidimbu che domain nameserver أو domain name system
Iyo Domain Name Sisitimu (DNS) seti yedhatabhesi anodudzira mazita ekugashira mu IP kero.
DNS inowanzozikanwa seyebookbook yeInternet nekuti inoshandura zviri nyore kuyeuka mazita ezvinzvimbo akadai sewww.google.com kuenda kune IP kero senge 216.58.217.46.
Zvinoitika kuseri kwezviitiko mushure mekutaipa iyo URL mubrowser kero bar pasina mushandisi kuona izvi.Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pasina DNS server, kufamba paInternet hakuzove nyore nekuti isu tinofanirwa kuisa iyo IP kero yewebhusaiti yega yega tinoda kushanya.
DNS Yekutanga Matanho
Iri sevhisi rakapfuura muzvizvarwa zvitatu kusvikira rave mune yaro yazvino uye yetsika fomu.
● chizvarwa chekutanga
Mushure mekumwe kuyedza kwekutanga kuti varidzi vawanikwe pamusoro peInternet, boka remainjiniya rakagadzira tsananguro yeDNS.
Iri basa rakaitwa mukati meInternet Engineering Task Force (IETF) uye nezvinyorwa zvakatumirwa muChikumbiro cheKutaurirana dzakateedzana (RFC), izvi zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura zvizere zvinoshanda protocol uye inosanganisira mamwe ekutanga data mhando kuti apfuudzirwe.
Email mail yakaonekwawo uye kwave nekuyedza kubvumidza tsamba kuti ishandise zvakanyanya DNS. Kunyangwe kumwe kuyedza kwakateverwa kuwedzera maapp-akasarudzika maficha muDNS, haina kutevedzwa nekuti gare gare zvakazoitika kuti yakanga isiri iyo pfungwa yekubatanidza zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muDNS. DNS Zano rakanaka uye raive makore angangoita gumi pasati pashambadzirwa yekutanga protocol DNS Izvo zvaive zvekuwedzera imwe nzira ine simba yekuchengetedza maseva kusvika pari zvino kuburikidza nekushandisa kwemaitiro anonzi ZIVISA uye kuwedzera nzvimbo yekuchinjisa (IXFR), muchizvarwa chekutanga che DNSNzira yakanakisa yekupa kuenderera yaive yekuve nemaseva akawanda achipindura mibvunzo yakawanda. Imwe sevha yainzi master server (tenzi server), nepo vamwe vese vaive maseva evaranda (varanda vevaranda), Uye yega yega sevha yemuranda yakarairwa kutarisa iyo tenzi server nguva nenguva kuti vaone kana iyo data yashanduka kana kwete.
● chizvarwa chechipiri
kureba ZIVISA Mutambi wekutanga mutambo, pachinzvimbo chekuti tenzi server amirire maseva evaranda kuti aongorore, inogona kutumira meseji yekuzivisa kumaseva evaranda, ichivaita kuti vatore iyo data nyowani. Panguva imwechete inoitiswa IXFR shanduko yakakosha munzira iyo data rinofambiswa nayo;
Pakutanga, kuchinja chete rekodhi kubva kumazana kunoita kuti iko kwekutanga kutaurwa kutume mazana emameseji, uku uchichinja IXFR Iyo system inongobvumira shanduko kutumirwa.
● Chizvarwa chechitatu
Uye mushure mekuwedzera ZIVISA و IXFR uye zvakakosha kugadzirisa, kuvandudzwa kweprotocol kwatanga DNS Mukupunzika, kodhi yacho payakawedzerwa pano neapo, asi hapana munhu akapa maprotocol ongororo yakanaka yeanodaidzwa ekuvimbika, chimiro chebudiriro muchizvarwa chechitatu kwaive kuchengetedzeka DNS Uye zvicharamba zvakadaro kwemakore mazhinji ari kuuya.
DNS server inoshanda sei
Maitiro acho anogona kunge akaomarara asi anogona kuve nyore nekutaura kuti sevha DNS
Ndiyo mepu iyo Internet inoshanda muchimiro chaunoziva; Ipo, paunopinda zita rewebhusaiti mu browser rako, sevha DNS anokuendesa kukero IP ndizvozvo. Zvinotora matanho akati wandei uye maseva akati wandei, asi maitiro acho anokurumidza.
Kuti unzwisise maitiro ekuseri kweDNS resolution, zvakakosha kuti uzive akasiyana Hardware zvinhu izvo iyo DNS query inofanira kupfuura nayo. Kune webhu bhurawuza iyo DNS yekutarisa inoitika uye inoda hapana kudyidzana kubva kumushandisi komputa kunze kwekukumbira kwekutanga.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zveDNS?
MuDNS, zvinoverengeka zvezvinhu zvinoshanda pamwechete kupedzisa chikumbiro chako:
● DNS inodzokorora
Iyo inogona kufungidzirwa seyomuraibhurari ichimukumbira kuti atsvage bhuku chairo kumwe kunhu muraibhurari, iri DNS anodzokorora Inotarisira kuendesa zvimwe zvikumbiro, izvo zvinovandudza kutsvaga uye zvinogutsa mushandisi.
● Midzi nameserver
Iri ndiro danho rekutanga mukududzira kana kugadzirisa mazita emahara anoverengwa mumakero eIP.
Iyo inogona kufungidzirwa seye pointer muraibhurari inonongedza kumashefu akasiyana emabhuku; Unogona kuitora sereferenzi kune mamwe, mamwe masosi chaiwo.
● Nzvimbo yepamusoro yezita rezita server
Iyo yepamusoro nhanho dura server (TLD) sesherufu yemabhuku muraibhurari.
Iri zita sevha idanho rinotevera mukutsvaga yakatarwa IP kero, sezvo ichichengeta chikamu chekupedzisira chezita resaiti.Semuenzaniso, ngatitii tine saiti ine zita Example.com Nzvimbo yepamusoro-soro ndeye (com.).
● Mvumo yezita
Iyo ndiyo poindi yekupedzisira muzita remasevhisi mubvunzo, uye kana iro zita repamutemo server rine mukana kune rekodhi rakakumbirwa,
Ichadzosera iyo IP kero yezita rakakumbirwa hostname ku DNS Recursor uyo akaita chikumbiro chekutanga.
nemwedzi dns DNS Ndiye DNS google kana google-dns uye iye
Kubvumira DNS: 8.8.8.8
Yechipiri DNS: 8.8.4.4
Uye iwe uri mune hutano hwakanyanya uye hupenyu hwevateveri vedu vanodiwa
