Malangizo Agolide Musanakhazikitse Linux

tsiku linayamba Linux Mu 1991 ngati ntchito yaumwini ya wophunzira waku Finland Linus Torvalds, kuti apange phata Opareting'i sisitimu mfulu Chatsopano, chifukwa cha ntchitoyi Linux ngale. Ndi kuyambira mtundu woyamba wa nambala yachinsinsi Mu 1991, yakula kuchokera pamafayilo ochepa zoipa Idafika pamizere yopitilira 16 miliyoni ya mtundu 3.10 mu 2013 yofalitsidwa pansi pa Chilolezo cha GNU General Public.^[1]

Gwero

Langizo loyamba

Sankhani distro yoyenera
• Mosiyana ndi Windows, Linux imakupatsani ufulu wambiri wosankha pakati pazogawa zambiri.

Posankha kugawa koyenera kumayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri

Choyamba, wogwiritsa ntchito
Ndipo funso lili pano

Kodi ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito Windows yemwe ali ndi luso loyendetsa bwino makina ake?

Kodi mumadziwa za kugawa ma hard disk, mafayilo ndi makonzedwe?

Kodi ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi yemwe samazindikira mozama, kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa makina anu?

Chachiwiri, malo ogwiritsira ntchito

Ndipo funso lili pano

Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta yanu pamalo omwe amakupatsirani dongosolo ndi mapulogalamu ena?

Kodi mawonekedwe a chida chanu ndiotani?

Kodi ndi 32 bit kapena 64 bit? Kodi muli ndi intaneti yolimba?

Kodi ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito zosowa zapadera (kapangidwe, mapulogalamu, masewera)?
Chidule cha pamwambapa
Pali magawo omwe amayimira kusankha kosavuta kwa oyamba kumene, makamaka Linux timbewu.
Linux Mint imapezekanso m'njira zitatu (polumikizira):

1- Sinamoni

Ndi mawonekedwe osasintha omwe amapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito pafupi ndi Windows, pomwe mumafunikira chida champhamvu kwambiri.Zofunikira pakugwira kwake ndi izi:
2 GB ya RAM ndi 20 GB yokhazikitsa malo osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

2- Mkazi

Mawonekedwewa ndi achikhalidwe komanso achikale, koma amasinthasintha komanso owala kwambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndikupangira mawonekedwe pafupi ndi Cinnamon kuti agwire ntchito popanda mavuto.

3-Xfce

Kupepuka ndi magwiridwe antchito, imatha kuyenda bwino pa 1GB ya RAM koma pamaso pa msakatuli ngati Firefox kapena Chrome mwina malowo adzadyedwa .. Khalani owolowa manja ndi makina anu!

Palinso kugawa kwapadera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zosowa zapadera, monga:

Kali, Fedora, Arch, Gentoo, kapena Debian.

nsonga yachiwiri

Onetsetsani kuti fayilo yogawa ndiyotetezeka musanakhazikitse
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zingalepheretse kukhazikitsidwa kwa Linux ndichinyengo cha kufalitsa mafayilo.
• Izi zimachitika nthawi yotsitsa, makamaka chifukwa cholumikizana kosakhazikika.
• Kukhulupirika kwa fayilo kumatsimikizika pakupanga hashi kapena nambala (md5 sha1 sha256). Mudzawona ma code oyambilira patsamba lotsitsa la tsamba lovomerezeka la magawidwewo.
• Mutha kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa fayilo yanu pogwiritsa ntchito chida monga winmd5 kapena gtkhash ndikufanizira hashi yomwe ikubwera chifukwa cha hashi yapachiyambiyo patsamba logawira. Ngati ikugwirizana, mutha kukhazikitsa, apo ayi mungafunike kukonzanso.
• Zomwe mumachita kutsitsa pogwiritsa ntchito mtsinje zimachepetsa mwayi waziphuphu.

Mfundo yachitatu

Sankhani chida choyenera choyatsira distro:
• Kuti muyike kugawa, choyamba muyenera kuwotcha pa DVD kapena USB.
• Kutentha ku USB nthawi zambiri kumakhala njira yofala.
• Nazi zida zabwino kwambiri zoyatsira USB:
1- Rufus: Chida chabwino kwambiri chotseguka chomwe ndichosavuta - kusankha kwanu koyamba pa Windows.
2- Zina: Chida chosavuta komanso chokongola chomwe chimagwira pamakina onse - adayesedwa kwanthawi yayitali ndipo sanandikhumudwitsepo.
Palinso zida zina zambiri monga Unetbootin kapena Universal USB Installer, koma ndidakusankhirani zabwino kwambiri.

Mfundo yachinayi

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesa makina musanakhazikitsidwe
• Timapereka chitsanzo cha izi musanagule zovala, muyenera kuziyeza ndikuziyesa patsogolo pagalasi kuti mudziwe ngati zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwanu komanso kukoma kwanu.
• Musanakhazikitse kugawa kwa Linux, muyeneranso kuyesa kuti muone ngati zingakugwirizane ndi zosowa zanu monga wogwiritsa ntchito? .

Momwe mungayesere kugawa kwa Linux

1- Zochitika Pompopompo: Magawidwe ambiri a Linux amapereka mawonekedwe kuti ayambe dongosololi ndikuyesa momwemo komanso motetezeka popanda kukhazikitsa kapena kusintha pa hard disk yanu.
2 - Virtual system: Mutha kuphunzira kukhazikitsa dongosololi mosatekeseka komanso osataya deta yanu mwa kuyika pamakina otchedwa makina kapena makina, zomwe ndizofanizira malo oyikirako .. Imodzi mwama pulogalamu otseguka otseguka Pachifukwa ichi ndi Virtualbox, ndipo mtundu wapadera wa Windows ulipo.

Mfundo yachisanu

  Muyenera kuphunzira kugawa hard disk, kapena kupeza chithandizo cha akatswiri.
• Luso la kugawa hard disk ndi luso lofunikira kukhazikitsa dongosolo lililonse.
• Muyenera kudziwa kugawa hard disk yanu, ndi MBR kapena GPT.
1- MBR: Ndichidule cha Master boot rekodi:
• Simungathe kuwerenga ma terabyte opitilira 2 amlengalenga.
• Simungathe kupanga magawo anayi ama hard disk.
Hard disk yagawidwa motere:

chachikulu. dipatimenti

Ndilo gawo lomwe dongosololi lingaikidwe kapena kusungidwa kwa data (muli ndi ma 4 max).

gawo lawonjezeredwa

Ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati chidebe chomwe chili ndi magawo ena (chinyengo chomenya malire)

zomveka

Ndi magawo omwe ali mkati mwazowonjezera .. zofananira momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi zigawo zoyambirira.

2- GPT: chomwe ndichidule cha Guid Partition Table:
• Imatha kuwerengera ma terabytes opitilira 2.
• Mutha kupanga magawo 128 (magawano).

Funso apa ndi ili: Ndikufuna magawo angati kuti ndiyike Linux?
Zimatengera firmware ya chida chanu, kaya ndi uefi kapena bois.
Ngati ndi mtundu wa bois:
• Mutha kukhazikitsa dongosolo la Linux pagawo limodzi lokha, lomwe limapangidwa ndi imodzi mwamafayilo a Linux, yotchuka kwambiri komanso yosasunthika yomwe ndi ext4.
• Mwinanso ndibwino kuti muwonjezere gawo lina pakusinthana, komwe ndi kukumbukira kosinthana komwe magwiridwe antchito pomwe RAM ili pafupi.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti malo osinthana akhale owirikiza kukula kwa RAM ngati RAM yomwe muli nayo mpaka 4 GB ndipo pafupifupi yofanana ndi RAM ngati ndiyokwera kuposa pamenepo.
• Kusinthanitsaku ndikofunikanso pochita hibernation ndipo kumatha kukhala ngati fayilo m'malo mwa magawano osiyana.
• Ndizotheka (mwakufuna kwanu) kupanga gawo lina la (kunyumba), yomwe ndi njira yomwe ili ndi mafayilo anu ndi mapulogalamu.
Pali madongosolo ena ovuta kugawa, koma izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa tsopano!
Ngati ndi UEFI:
Gawolo likhala lofanana ndi lomwe lidalipo kale, koma muyenera kuwonjezera kagawo kakang'ono komwe kali ndi pafupifupi 512 MB ndi fayilo ya fat32, ndipo ikhala yolunjika poyambitsa kapena kuwombera.

Mfundo yachisanu ndi chimodzi

Tengani zolemba zanu zosunga zobwezeretsera
• Pomwe zolakwa za anthu ndizomwe zimayambitsa kutayika kwa data, chifukwa chake ndibwino musanayikemo musunge fayilo yanu yosunga kubwerera.

nsonga yomaliza

 Khalani okonzeka kusiya imodzi mwamachitidwe awiriwa:
• Zachidziwikire ndizotheka kuyika Linux pambali pa Windows, koma muyenera kukonzekera mwamaganizidwe kuti muthe ndi m'modzi wa iwo mutazindikira kuthekera kwadongosolo lililonse ndikuliyerekeza ndi zosowa zanu.
• Ngati mukufuna kusunga zonse ziwiri, khalani okonzeka kuthana ndi zovuta zina za boot (makamaka mutasintha Windows).
• Ikani Mawindo poyamba ndiyeno Linux kuti mupewe mavuto a boot mukatha kukhazikitsa.
Zabwino zonse ndipo tikukufunirani zabwino zonse ndikukondani otsatira